ZITHROMAX | Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis | PfizerPro XX (country)

Administration

Pathogens

Epidemiology

Risk Factors

Tab Number 5

Efficacy

Administration

Adults¹
500 mg once daily for 3 days, or an alternative of 500 mg on Day 1, then 250 mg daily on Days 2-5

ZITHROMAX should be given as a single daily dose¹
ZITHROMAX tablets and suspension can be taken with or without food¹

Renal Impairment¹

No dose adjustment is necessary in patients with mild to moderate renal impairment (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] of 10–80 mL/min). Caution should be exercised when ZITHROMAX is administered to patients with severe renal impairment (GFR <10 mL/min)

Hepatic Impairment¹

The same dosage as in patients with normal hepatic function may be used in patients with mild to moderate hepatic function

Pathogens

Main Bacterial Pathogens²

Mild-to-moderate exacerbations:

Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Moraxella catarrhalis
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Severe exacerbations:

Pseudomonas species
Other Gram-negative enteric bacilli

Epidemiology

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations are caused by complex interactions between the host, respiratory viruses, and airway bacteria, which lead to an increase in the inflammatory burden within the airway³

Bacterial infection is a factor in 70–75% of exacerbations, with up to 60% caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, or M. catarrhalis²

Risk Factors⁴

COPD
Bacterial, viral, and atypical pathogens
Environmental conditions (e.g., air pollution and tobacco smoke)
Lack of compliance with COPD therapies
Worsening congestive heart failure or pulmonary embolism

Efficacy

ZITHROMAX – Effective, once-daily dosing in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis⁵

Favorable Response to Therapy at Day 4

Adapted from Amsden et al. 2003⁵

Respiratory Pathogen Eradication Rates at Follow-Up (Day 24)*

Adapted from Amsden et al. 2003⁵
*Values given as number of patients in whom pathogens were eradicated/total number of patients (%).

Amsden et al. 2003⁵

A randomized, double-blinded, double-dummy, multicenter trial with 1:1 treatment allocation, comparing the safety and efficacy of oral azithromycin and levofloxacin in the treatment of outpatients with acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (ABECB)
Both treatments were well tolerated. Favorable clinical outcomes were 89% for azithromycin and 92% for levofloxacin by Day 4. At Day 24, responses were 82% and 86%, respectively, and eradication rates of respiratory pathogens were 96% for azithromycin and 85% for levofloxacin
A standard 5-day course of oral azithromycin was clinically and bacteriologically equivalent to a 7-day course of oral levofloxacin in the treatment of patients with ABECB